Umuco n'amateka ya Mosaic

Mosaic yakomotse mu Bugereki bwa kera. Igisobanuro cyumwimerere cya mozayike nigishushanyo kirambuye cyakozwe nuburyo bwa mozayike. Abantu babaga mu buvumo mugihe cyambere bakoresheje marble zitandukanye kugirango bashire hasi kugirango ijambo rirambe. Mosaika ya mbere yatunganijwe hashingiwe kuri.

Mosaic nubuhanzi bwambere bwa inlay, ubuhanzi bugaragazwa nishusho ishushanyije yamabuye mato, ibishishwa, ububumbyi, ibirahure, nibindi byinjizwamo amabara bikoreshwa kurukuta cyangwa hasi.

Mosaic yahindutse ibikoresho byo gushushanya. Mozayike ya mbere wasangaga ikoreshwa mugushushanya imyubakire ni urukuta rw'urusengero rw'Abasumeriya. Harihomozayikeibishushanyo ku rukuta rw'urusengero rwo mu kibaya cya Mesopotamiya hakurya ya Mesopotamiya yo muri Mezopotamiya Uburayi. Mosaic ya Sun Dog ya Beauty ni imwe muri mosaika ya mbere izwi ya benshi. Ubuvumbuzi bwa kera cyane bwavumbuwe mu bihe bya kera by'Abagereki. Amabuye ya marimari ya mozayike yubakishijwe Abagereki ba kera yakoreshejwe cyane. Muri kiriya gihe, uburyo bwakoreshwaga cyane ni pave ya mozayike ikozwe mu mwirabura n'umweru, kandi abategetsi babifitiye ububasha n'abakire. Gukoresha mosaika mugushushanya byari ibihangano bihebuje muri kiriya gihe.

Iyo ryateye imbere mugihe cyanyuma cyubugereki bwa kera, abanyabukorikori nabahanzi bamwe babahanga batangiye gukoresha uduce duto twa kaburimbo barayatema intoki kugirango batunganyirize ibikorwa byabo byo gushariza imyubakire kugirango barusheho gushushanya mozayike. Ibice bito byamabuye byahujwe kandi bigahuzwa kugirango birangize mozayike yimirimo ya mozayike, yubatswe ku nkuta, hasi, no mu nkingi zinyubako. Imvugo yambere kandi ikaze yubuhanzi nubutunzi bwagaciro bwamateka numuco.

Mu gihe cya Roma ya kera, mozayike yari imaze kumenyekana cyane, kandi inkuta n'amagorofa, inkingi, inzu yo hejuru, n'ibikoresho byo mu nzu zisanzwe n'inzu rusange byari bitatse mozayike.

Mugihe cyibihe byuburayi bushya, gukoresha amarangi gukoresha uburyo bwo kureba byashimangiye imiterere yikibanza, cyagize intambwe mu ndege ishushanya, kandi kigakurikirana ibyerekezo bitatu mu ndege. Muri iki gihe, ibikoresho bya mozayike nka mozayike ubwabyo ntibyari bikwiriye gukora nk'ibice bitatu. Mosaic nkubuhanzi bwo gushushanya bigomba kugenda Realism ntabwo yoroshye. Uburyo budasanzwe kandi bukomeye bwa mosaika butuma abahanzi bakora ibikorwa byo kurema mozayike bibagirwa imikorere yabo kandi bakumirwa cyane na mosaika.

Mugihe ibihangano bya mozayike byagabanutse mugihe cya Renaissance kubera kuzamuka kwizindi mvugo yubuhanzi, mumico ya Inca, Abamaya na Aztec mu gice cy’iburengerazuba,kuvanga mosaika hamwe na inlaytekinike yatunganijwe kugirango irimbishe imitako n'imitako mito. Ibihangano nk'isi ya zahabu na turquoise, garnet, na obsidian byakoreshwaga mu gukora ibishushanyo mbonera bya muntu na geometrike ndetse n'ibindi bigaragaza ubuhanzi, mu gihe Diotivakans yakoresheje turquoise, ibishishwa, cyangwa imitako ya obsidian mu gukora masike, ubuhanzi bwa mozayike bwashoboye gukomeza.

Bitewe niterambere ryumusaruro, guhora utezimbere tekinoloji yumusaruro, hamwe no gukomeza gukora no gukoresha ibikoresho byo gushushanya, mozayike yahise icamo ibikoresho byakoreshejwe muri mosaika gakondo. Kuva kuri marble gakondo, amabuye, amabati, ibirahuri, farufari, na emam, kugeza kubintu byose ushobora gukoresha mubuzima bwawe nka buto, ibikoresho, cyangwa ububiko. Muri iki gihe cyubuhanga buhanitse bwo mu nganda, inlay zimeze nkikirahure zikozwe muri zahabu na feza nazo zishobora gukorwa cyane.